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P302+P352
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P304+P340
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P311
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P312
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Echothiophate is a phosphorylthiocholine with pharmacological action analogous to that
of isofluorophate; however, spontaneous reduction of phosphorylated enzyme occurs
faster after using isofluorophate. It is used in various forms of glaucoma.
Definition
ChEBI: The iodide salt of ecothiopate. An irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, it is used an ocular antihypertensive in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma, particularly when other drugs have proved inadequate.
Clinical Use
Echothiophate iodide has found therapeutic application for the treatment of glaucoma and strabismus. Echothiophate is applied topically as a
solution and is the only irreversible AChEI for the treatment of glaucoma. The decrease in intraocular pressure observed can last up to 4 weeks.
Phosphoester AChEIs exhibit cataractogenic properties; thus, their use should be reserved for patients who are refractory to other forms of
treatment (i.e., short-acting miotics, β-blockers, epinephrine, and possibly, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors). Because of its toxicity, echothiophate
is not used for its systemic action. Selectivity of echothiophate for the AChE catalytic site was enhanced by incorporation in the molecule of a
quaternary ammonium salt functional group two carbons removed from the phosphoryl group.
Synthese
Echothiophate, S-(2-trimethylaminoethyl)-O,O-diethylthiophosphate
(13.2.23), is made by reacting diethylchlorophosphoric acid with 2-dimethylaminoethylmercaptane, giving S-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-O,O-diethylthiophosphate (13.2.22), which is
alkylated by methyliodide, forming echothiophate (13.2.23) [51].
Ecothiopatiodid Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte