Glyoxal Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSEBIS BLASSGELBE FLüSSIGKEIT.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Schwache S?ure in w?ssriger L?sung.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: (Einatembares Aerosol und Dampf) 0.1 mg/m?(als TWA); Krebskategorie A4 (nicht klassifizierbar als krebserzeugend für den Menschen); Sensibilisierung; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Hautresorption; Sensibilisierung der Haut; Krebserzeugend Kategorie 3B; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation der D?mpfe oder des Aerosols und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann sehr schnell eine gesundheitssch?dliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Haut.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Kontakt kann zu Hautsensibilisierung führen.
LECKAGE
Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit m?glichst in abdichtbaren Beh?ltern sammeln. Gesichtsschutz benutzen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzfilter für organische Gase und D?mpfe.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R20:Gesundheitssch?dlich beim Einatmen.
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt m?glich.
R68:Irreversibler Schaden m?glich.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
colourless or light yellow liquid
Verwenden
Glyoxal is used in the production of textilesand glues and in organic synthesis.
Definition
ChEBI: Glyoxal is the dialdehyde that is the smallest possible and which consists of ethane having oxo groups on both carbons. It has a role as a pesticide, an agrochemical, an allergen and a plant growth regulator.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Yellow crystals melting at15°C. Hence often encountered as a light yellow liquid with a weak sour odor. Vapor has a green color and burns with a violet flame.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Mixtures with air may explode. Polymerizes quickly on standing, or on contact with a trace of water (possibly a violent reaction), or when dissolved in solvents containing water, [Merck, 502(1968)]. Soluble in water. An aqueous solution contains mono molecular Glyoxal. [Hawley]
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
Glyoxal reacts vigorously with strong oxidizing agents such as nitric acid. Polymerizes rapidly even at low temperature if anhydrous [Noller]. Aqueous solutions are more stable but also polymerize on standing. Reacts with itself in the presence of base to give glyconates. Undergoes addition and condensation reactions that may be exothermic with amines, amides, aldehydes, and hydroxide-containing materials. Mixing in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, ethyleneimine, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide [NFPA 1991].
Hazard
Mixture of vapor and air may explode.
Questionable carcinogen.
Health Hazard
Glyoxal is a skin and eye irritant; the effectmay be mild to severe. Its vapors are irritatingto the skin and respiratory tract. Anamount of 1.8 mg caused severe irritation inrabbits’ eyes. Glyoxal exhibited low toxicityin test subjects. Ingestion may cause somnolenceand gastrointestinal pain.
LD50 value, oral (guinea pigs): 760 mg/kg.
Brandgefahr
Behavior in Fire: Heat may cause polymerization to a combustible, viscous material.
Sicherheitsprofil
Low toxicity by
SYN: AEROTEX GLYOXAL 40
ingestion and skin contact. A skin irritant. A powerful reducing agent. May explode on
contact with air. Polymerizes violently on
contact with water. During storage it may
spontaneously polymerize and ignite. Reacts
violently with chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene
imine, HNO3, oleum, NaOH, can cause
violent reactions. Can explode during
manufacture. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes. See also ALDEHYDES.
Waste disposal
Glyoxal is mixed with a combustible solventand burned in a chemical incineratorequipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
Glyoxal Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
Chinoxalin
2,2'-Thiophen-2,5-diylbis(benzoxazol)
30% sulfaclozine
4'-(Imidazol-1-yl)methylphenylketon
Berberin
Dimetridazol
2-Amino-1H-pteridin-4-on
2-Isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazin
Furo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5,7-dion
finishing agent for cotton fabric
Allantoin
2,6-Dichlorpyrazin
2,5-Thiophendiylbis(5-tert-butyl-1,3-benzoxazol)
6,7-DINITROQUINOXALINE
2,2'-Ethandiylidendinitrilodiphenol
4-Hydroxyphenethylalkohol
Metronidazol
N-Amidino-3,5-diamino-6-chlorpyrazincarboxamidmonohydrochlorid
CYAZOFAMID
Ethylpyrazin
4,5-Dihydroxy-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidin-2-on
2-Methylimidazol
(1H)-Pyrazin-2-on
p-Hydroxyphenylessigsure
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose
Imidazol
4-Hydroxyphenylacetamid
Chlorpyrazin
3-sec-Butyl-2-methoxypyrazin
6-CHLOROQUINOXALINE
D-N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)glycin
2-Isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazin
Glyoxylsure
6-QUINOXALINECARBOXYLIC ACID