Magnesiumnitrat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
HYGROSKOPISCHE FARBLOSEODER WEISSE KRISTALLE.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Starkes Oxidationsmittel. Reagiert mit brennbaren und reduzierenden Stoffen. Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation des Aerosols und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Eine bel?stigende Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Reizt m?glicherweise die Augen und die Atemwege mechanisch. Beim Verschlucken sind Auswirkungen auf das Blut mit nachfolgender Meth?moglobinbildung m?glich. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verz?gert ein. ?rztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Kunststoffbeh?ltern sammeln. Reste mit viel Wasser wegspülen.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R34:Verursacht Ver?tzungen.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R8:Feuergefahr bei Berührung mit brennbaren Stoffen.
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S43:Zum L?schen . . . (vom Hersteller anzugeben) verwenden (wenn Wasser die Gefahr erh?ht, anfügen: "Kein Wasser verwenden").
S7/8:Beh?lter trocken und dicht geschlossen halten.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S17:Von brennbaren Stoffen fernhalten.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
Beschreibung
Magnesium nitrate has the molecular formula of
Mg(NO3)2 and the molecular weight of 148.3152 g/
mol.
Magnesium nitrate is prepared by the action of nitric
acid on magnesium carbonate, oxide or hydroxide:
MgCO3 + 2HNO3 ? Mg(NO3)2 + CO2 +H2O
Mg(OH)2 + 2HNO3 ? Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O
The salt crystallizing at room temperature after
evaporation is the hexahydrate, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O. Two
stable hydrates are formed, the hexahydrate [CAS
number =13446-18-9] and the dihydrate, Mg(NO3)2·
2H2O [CAS number = 15750-45-5].
Chemische Eigenschaften
Magnesium nitrate is white crystalline solid.
Verwenden
In pyrotechnics; in the concentration of nitric acid.
synthetische
The magnesium nitrate used in commerce has been synthesized in a variety of ways. The reaction between nitric acid and magnesium metal is one way and reaction with MgO is another. Magnesium hydroxide and ammonium nitrate also form the product but ammonia is released as a by-product:
2HNO3 + Mg Mg(NO3)2 +H2
2HNO3 + MgO Mg(NO3)2 +H2O
Mg(OH)2 + 2NH4NO3 Mg(NO3)2 + 2NH3 + 2H2O
Since magnesium nitrate has a high affinity for water, heating the hexahydrate does not result in the dehydration of the salt. Instead, it decomposes into magnesium oxide, oxygen and nitrogen oxides:
4Mg(NO3)2·6H2O + heat 4MgO + 2NO2 + 2N2O + O2 + 6H2O
Heating the hexahydrate above its melting point first forms basic nitrates, such as Mg(NO3)2·4Mg(OH)2. It is this salt that decomposes at 400 C, forming magnesium oxide and oxides of nitrogen. The absorption of these nitrogen oxides in water is one possible way to synthesize HNO3. Although it is inefficient, it does not require the use of another strong acid and the mineral, nitromagnesite, can be used in this context.
Definition
ChEBI: The inorganic nitrate salt of magnesium.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A white crystalline solid. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen if heated to decomposition. Used in pyrotechnics.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Deliquescent. Water soluble.
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
Mixtures of Magnesium nitrate with alkyl esters may explode owing to the formation of alkyl nitrates; mixtures with phosphorus, tin(II) chloride, or other reducing agents may react explosively [Bretherick 1979 p. 108-109]. Noncombustible but will accelerate the burning of combustible materials. If large quantities are involved in a fire or the combustible material is finely divided an explosion may result. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat may result in an explosion. Magnesium nitrate has been reported to undergo spontaneous decomposition in dimethylformamide [Bretherick 5th ed., 1995]. Magnesium nitrate tends to behave as a strong oxidizer.
Hazard
Dangerous fire and explosion risk in contact
with organic materials, strong oxidizing agent.
Health Hazard
Exposure can cause mild irritation to the mucous membranes. Symptoms may include coughing and shortness of breath. Ingestion of large doses may cause dizziness, abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, weakness, convulsions, and collapse. Contact with skin may cause irritation, redness, and pain.
Sicherheitsprofil
Probably a severe
irritant to the eyes, skin, and mucous
membranes. A powerful oxidizer. Violent
decomposition on contact with
dmethylformamide. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
See also NITRATES and MAGNESIUM
COMPOUNDS.
m?gliche Exposition
Magnesium nitrate is used in fireworks and in the production of concentrated nitric acid.
Versand/Shipping
UN1474 Magnesium nitrate, Hazard Class: 5.1;
Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer
Inkompatibilit?ten
A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction
with dimethylformamide, reducing agents; combustibles,
fuels, organic and easily oxidizable matter
Magnesiumnitrat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
