Danoprevir (ITMN-191) 是一種具有口服活性的 NS3/4A蛋白酶抑制劑，IC50 值為 0.29 nM。與其他 53 種蛋白酶 (IC50高于 10 μM) 相比，對 NS3/4A 具有高選擇性。Danoprevir (ITMN-191) 抑制 HCV 基因型 1a, 1b, 4, 5, 6 (IC50s=0.2-0.4 nM) 和 2b, 3a (IC50s=1.6, 3.5 nM)。Danoprevir 也是 SARS-CoV 3CLpro 的抑制劑，IC50 為 0.05 μM。
In Huh7.5 cells transfected with chimeric recombinant virus, Danoprevir (ITMN-191) shows antiviral inhibition effects against HCV genotypes 1, 4 and 6 with IC50 of 2-3 nM, which are >100-fold lower than genotypes 2/3/5 (280-750 nM)[1].
Danoprevir (ITMN-191) inhibits the reference genotype 1 NS3/4A protease half-maximally, but a high dose of Danoprevir (ITMN-191) (10 μM) shows no appreciably inhibition in a panel of 79 proteases, ion channels, transporters, and cell surface receptors. Danoprevir (ITMN-191) remains bound to and inhibits NS3/4A for more than 5 hours after its initial association. Danoprevir (ITMN-191) (45 nM) eliminates a patient-derived HCV genotype 1b replicon from hepatocyte-derived Huh7 cells with an EC50 of 1.8 nM[2].
In HCV subgenomic replicon cell lines containing the individual mutations, V36M, R109K, and V170A substitutions confer little or no resistance to Danoprevir (ITMN-191), but the R155K substitution confers a high level (62-fold increase) of resistance to Danoprevir[3].
Danoprevir (ITMN-191) (30 mg/kg, p.o.) administered to rats or monkeys shows that its concentrations in liver 12 hours after dosing exceed the Danoprevir concentration required to eliminate replicon RNA from cells[2].
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