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Catalyst and Auxiliary

The catalyst can change the reaction rate in the chemical reaction, and the composition and the quality of the catalyst can be kept constant after the reaction. The catalyst that accelerates the reaction is called the positive catalyst, slows down called Negative Catalyst or slow agent. It said catalyst is a positive catalyst for the general correction. This kind of catalyst in the industry, especially the organic chemical industry used more, and has great significance, Such as sulfuric acid prepared by contacting, ammonia, hydrolysis of the ester and polysaccharide, Oil Hydrogenation, etc. Commonly used catalysts are mainly metal, metal oxide and inorganic acid. If the catalyst is solid, the substance of the reaction is gas, to form a multi-phase catalytic reaction, this catalyst, sometimes called catalyst or contact agent. The catalyst is generally selective, it can only make a reaction or a certain type of reaction to speed up. But some reaction can be used for a variety of catalysts, such as the hydrogenation reaction can often be platinum, palladium, nickel, should be carefully chosen. In the catalytic reaction, the catalyst is often added cocatalyst known to enhance catalytic action of the catalyst. For example, iron is a catalyst in ammonia industry, adding a small amount of potassium and aluminum can enhance the catalytic effect of iron. The composition and weight of the catalyst and cocatalyst cannot change before and after the reaction. All of the above are inorganic catalysts. The enzyme is a protein, is very important organic catalyst.

There are many kinds of catalyst, catalyst and reaction system according to the phase of the classification, there are two types of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Heterogeneous catalysts most widely used, there are 3 kinds of gas, liquid and solid state, the variety and application of solid catalyst. The solid catalyst, which is made of metal (nickel, platinum, palladium, chromium, cobalt, titanium, vanadium, etc.) or metal oxide (copper oxide, vanadium pentoxide, lead oxide), is dispersed and deposited on the carrier in order to obtain a good dispersion effect and increase the specific surface area. The catalyst requires reliable activity, stability, selectivity, long working life, not easy to poisoning and over-burning, easy to regenerate. In order to improve the catalytic efficiency, the pure metal catalysts are made into alloy catalysts (such as nickel aluminium alloy) and composite catalysts (ZieglerNatta). The composite catalyst is composed of main catalyst and co-catalyst. In the new efficient catalysts also add other components. The production and development of high efficiency catalyst have promoted the development of polymer materials, and produced much polymer function and structure material ,which is new generation of high performance and high added value.

With the extensive application of catalyst and a number of new catalysts, we can make a lot of new chemical reactions to achieve industrialization, in order to provide an increasing number of chemical products; also can make some of the original chemical reaction conditions have been improved, in order to improve the production efficiency and product quality, make full use of resources. The important subject in the field of modern chemistry and chemical research is to select and develop more and better catalyst for the new generation. But the role of a catalyst is not beneficial to humans, such as combustion products of supersonic jet fuel as a catalyst can cause the stratosphere (10 to 50 km altitude) decomposition of ozone in the atmosphere, to the sun's ultraviolet absorption decreased, resulting in some areas of skin cancer patients increased. Is developing a new supersonic jet fuel, its combustion products will not become a catalyst,which will cause the ozone decomposition catalyst in the stratosphere.

Additives are added in the industrial and agricultural production, especially in the chemical production of some of the auxiliary chemicals, its role is to improve the production process, improve product quality and yield, or to give the product a unique application performance.

Additive are large class of important chemical in the production of auxiliary raw materials, they can give a special performance to product, improve use of finished products; and can accelerate the chemical reaction rate, improve product yield; they can save raw materials, improve processing efficiency. Additives are widely used in the chemical industry, especially organic synthesis, synthetic material processing and petroleum refining, pesticide, medicine, dye, paint and other industrial sectors. Additives can be divided into synthesized additives and processing additives. Synthetic additives are used in monomer synthesis and polymerization of a variety of auxiliary agents in resin, fiber, rubber, etc. They include catalysts, initiators, solvents, dispersants, emulsifiers, polymerization inhibitors, regulators, termination agents, etc. Processing aid refers to the auxiliary chemicals used in the manufacture of raw rubber, plastics processing, chemical fiber spinning and spinning process, including plasticizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, light stabilizers , flame retardants, blowing agents, lubricants, mold release agents, curing agents, accelerators, softeners, anti-scorching agents, surfactants, oils, fillers, etc. In these additives, many of them are dangerous chemicals, Such as benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, hydrogen peroxide - ferrous blue, alkyl aluminum chloride, titanium and other initiators, catalysts are inflammable and explosive materials, should be required to "chemical Dangerous Goods Safety Management Regulations", for storage, transportation, operation and use.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinone 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinone 3602-55-9 C10H12O2
4-Dodecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone 4-Dodecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone 2985-59-3 C25H34O3
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid di-C9-11-branched alkyl esters C10-rich 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid di-C9-11-branched alkyl esters C10-rich 68515-49-1 C28H46O4
DI-N-HEXYL PHTHALATE DI-N-HEXYL PHTHALATE 84-75-3 C20H30O4
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 112-35-6 C7H16O4
UV-1577 UV-1577 147315-50-2 C27H27N3O2
Poly[N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)-1,6-hexanediamine-co-2,4-dichloro-6-morpholino-1,3,5-triazine] Poly[N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)-1,6-hexanediamine-co-2,4-dichloro-6-morpholino-1,3,5-triazine] 82451-48-7 (C24H50N4.C7H8Cl2N4O)x
Oxydipropyl dibenzoate Oxydipropyl dibenzoate 27138-31-4 C20H22O5
Poly(methyl methacrylate) Poly(methyl methacrylate) 9011-14-7 (C5H8O2)x
Hexaethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Hexaethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether 23601-40-3 C13H28O7
4,4'-Dithiodimorpholine 4,4'-Dithiodimorpholine 103-34-4 C8H16N2O2S2
Diisobutyl fumarate Diisobutyl fumarate 7283-69-4 C12H20O4
Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether 24991-55-7 H3CO(C2H4O)nCH3
HEXYL ACETATE HEXYL ACETATE 88230-35-7 C8H16O2
Diethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl phosphate Diethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl phosphate 976-56-7 C19H33O4P
ETHYL PHTHALYL ETHYL GLYCOLATE ETHYL PHTHALYL ETHYL GLYCOLATE 84-72-0 C14H16O6
2,2'-Thiobis(6-tert-butyl-p-cresol) 2,2'-Thiobis(6-tert-butyl-p-cresol) 90-66-4 C22H30O2S
DIBUTYL ITACONATE DIBUTYL ITACONATE 2155-60-4 C13H22O4
Plasticizer 8 Plasticizer 8 26914-52-3 C9H15NO2S
Fluorescent brightener 71 Fluorescent brightener 71 16090-02-1 C40H38N12Na2O8S2
Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate 26570-48-9 C5H10O4
SOLVENT DEGREASER SOLVENT DEGREASER 64742-49-0 N/A
4-Nitronaphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic anhydride 4-Nitronaphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic anhydride 34087-02-0 C12H5NO5
2,2'-Methylenebis(6-cyclohexyl-4-methyl)phenol 2,2'-Methylenebis(6-cyclohexyl-4-methyl)phenol 4066-02-8 C27H36O2
FLUORESCENT BRIGHTENER 28 FLUORESCENT BRIGHTENER 28 4404-43-7 C40H44N12O10S2
Poly(acrylic acid) Poly(acrylic acid) 9003-01-4 C5H10O2
8-Arm PEG-ACA 8-Arm PEG-ACA
LA-PEG-OH LA-PEG-OH
Fmoc-NH-PEG-Mal Fmoc-NH-PEG-Mal
Silane-PEG-OH Silane-PEG-OH
Disodium 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,5'-disulfobenzophenone Disodium 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,5'-disulfobenzophenone 76656-36-5 C15H12Na2O11S2
6-NO2DA-PEG-OH 6-NO2DA-PEG-OH
COOH-PEG16-COOH COOH-PEG16-COOH
DMPE-PEG-Mal DMPE-PEG-Mal
DPPE-PEG-COOH DPPE-PEG-COOH
Estrogen-PEG-NH2 Estrogen-PEG-NH2
FA-PEG-FA FA-PEG-FA
mPEG25-N3 mPEG25-N3
mPEG-STA mPEG-STA
OH-PEG48-OH OH-PEG48-OH
PLA(5K)-PEG-NH2 PLA(5K)-PEG-NH2
SC-PEG-MTA SC-PEG-MTA
STA-PEG-Mal STA-PEG-Mal
Tocopherol-PEG-Mal Tocopherol-PEG-Mal
POLYOXYETHYLENE 10 TRIDECYL ETHER POLYOXYETHYLENE 10 TRIDECYL ETHER 78330-21-9 C13H27(OCH2CH2)nOH,n~12
2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 3-(2-(3-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)propanamido)ethoxy)propanoate 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 3-(2-(3-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)propanamido)ethoxy)propanoate 1260092-50-9 C16H19N3O8
FITC-PEG-OPSS FITC-PEG-OPSS
Dioctyldiphenylamine Dioctyldiphenylamine 101-67-7 C28H43N
UV absorber UV-1988 UV absorber UV-1988
Carbomer Carbomer 9007-20-9 C15H17ClO3
VINYLMETHYLSILOXANE - DIMETHYLSILOXANE COPOLYMERS, TRIMETHYLSILOXY TERMINATED VINYLMETHYLSILOXANE - DIMETHYLSILOXANE COPOLYMERS, TRIMETHYLSILOXY TERMINATED 67762-94-1 C5H14OSi2
FA-PEG2-N3 FA-PEG2-N3
Ethyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphinate Ethyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphinate 84434-11-7 C18H21O3P
Chinese tallowtree seed oil Chinese tallowtree seed oil
8-ArmPEG-CHO 8-ArmPEG-CHO
ACA-PEG-SC ACA-PEG-SC
Benzyl-PEG11-OH Benzyl-PEG11-OH
Benzyl-PEG48-OH Benzyl-PEG48-OH
CLS-PEG-NH2 CLS-PEG-NH2
DOPE-PEG-SC DOPE-PEG-SC
FA-PEG-Alkyne FA-PEG-Alkyne
LNA-PEG-Mal LNA-PEG-Mal
mPEG-CH3 mPEG-CH3
mPEG-MTA mPEG-MTA
OH-PEG-COOH OH-PEG-COOH
PCL(12K)-PEG-Mal PCL(12K)-PEG-Mal
PLGA(2K)-PEG-Ph PLGA(2K)-PEG-Ph
PLGA(5K)-PEG-NH2 PLGA(5K)-PEG-NH2
Tr-PEG10-Benzyl Tr-PEG10-Benzyl
Pomalidomide-PEG3-CO2H Pomalidomide-PEG3-CO2H 2138440-82-9 C22H27N3O9
DBCO-PEG12-acid DBCO-PEG12-acid 2353410-00-9
DOPE-PEG-FA DOPE-PEG-FA
3-[2-(2-Iodoethoxy)-ethoxy]-propyne 3-[2-(2-Iodoethoxy)-ethoxy]-propyne 1234387-33-7 C7H11IO2
UV absorber UV-PS UV absorber UV-PS
Gold evaporating material silver evaporating material platinum evaporating material palladium evaporating material Gold evaporating material silver evaporating material platinum evaporating material palladium evaporating material Au
-ether-PEG5-amine -ether-PEG5-amine 2341841-01-6 C25H36ClN3O10
High Purity Ruthenium Powder High Purity Ruthenium Powder
Cy3.5-PEG-COOH Cy3.5-PEG-COOH
Boc-NH-PEG4-ACA Boc-NH-PEG4-ACA
4-ArmPEG-DTPA 4-ArmPEG-DTPA
BOC-NH-PEG-SS BOC-NH-PEG-SS
PCL(5K)-PEG-CHO PCL(5K)-PEG-CHO
Diethoxylsilane-PEG-Mal Diethoxylsilane-PEG-Mal
Alkyne-PEG-SVA Alkyne-PEG-SVA
Cy3-PEG-Mal Cy3-PEG-Mal
SH-PEG7-COOH SH-PEG7-COOH
3-ArmPEG-(1Silane-2Biotin) 3-ArmPEG-(1Silane-2Biotin)
Biotin-PEG-SS Biotin-PEG-SS
PLGA(5K)-PEG-OH PLGA(5K)-PEG-OH
Py-PEG-FA Py-PEG-FA
OPSS-PEG-ACA OPSS-PEG-ACA
DPPE-PEG-Mal DPPE-PEG-Mal
mPEG-Cy5 mPEG-Cy5
mPEG-PEHA mPEG-PEHA
PLGA(2K)-PEG-NH2 PLGA(2K)-PEG-NH2
BenzylGuanine-PEG-NH2 BenzylGuanine-PEG-NH2
Cy3-PEG-NH2 Cy3-PEG-NH2
SH-PEG3-NH2.HCl SH-PEG3-NH2.HCl
UV-1164 UV-1164 2725-22-6 C33H39N3O2
Metallurgical ruthenium powder Metallurgical ruthenium powder
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