??????
|
|
?????? ??
- ???
- 194 °C
- ?? ?
- 180°C
- ?? ??
- 1200kg/m3
- ??
- 2.44
- ???
- 1 mm Hg ( 100 °C)
- ???
- 88 °C
- ?? ??
- Store below +30°C.
- ???
- H2O: ???
- ??? ??
- ??
- Specific Gravity
- 2.44
- ??
- ????? ????
- ??????(pH)
- 2.4 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
- pH ??
- 2.4
- ??
- ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???
- ???
- ?? ??
- ??
- Moisture Sensitive
- Crystal Structure
- AlCl3 type
- crystal system
- Monoclinic
- Merck
- 14,337
- Space group
- C2/m
- Lattice constant
a/nm b/nm c/nm α/o β/o γ/o V/nm3 0.615 1.023 0.591 90 108.25 90 0.3534
- ?? ??
- NIOSH: TWA 2 mg/m3
- ???
- ?????? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ? ????. ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????(?? ??? ?? MSDS ?? ??).
- InChIKey
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K
- CAS ??????
- 7446-70-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
??
- ?? ? ?? ??
- ?? ? ???? ?? (GHS)
??? ?? | C,Xi,T | ||
---|---|---|---|
?? ???? ?? | 36/38-34-62-51/53-48/23/24-40-23/24/25-14-48/25-48/20-52-36/37/38-52/53-48/23/24/25-60 | ||
????? | 26-45-28-7/8-36/37/39-61-23-28A-53 | ||
????(UN No.) | UN 3264 8/PG 3 | ||
WGK ?? | 1 | ||
RTECS ?? | BD0525000 | ||
TSCA | Yes | ||
?? ?? | 8 | ||
???? | II | ||
HS ?? | 28273200 | ||
?? ?? ??? | 7446-70-0(Hazardous Substances Data) | ||
?? | LD50 oral (rat) 3730 mg/kg LD50 skin (rabbit) >2 g/kg TLV-TWA (ACGIH) 2 mg(Al)/m3 |
||
???? ?? | KE-01045 |
?????? C??? ??, ??, ??
??
???? ??? (AlCl3)? ????? ??? ?? ??????. ????? ??? ?? ? (III) ???? ???? ??? ?????. ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????. ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????. ??? Friedel-Crafts ?? (? ?? ? ??? ??)? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????.??
?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ?? ?? ??, ??? ? ?? ??? ???? ?????. ??? ?? ?? ???? ? ?????.?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ? ??? ???? ???? ????. ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????. ? ??? ??? ??? ?????.
??? ??
Aluminum chloride is a noncombustible but highly reactive whitish-gray, yellow, or green powder or liquid. Strong, acidic, irritating odor like hydrochloric acid.The vapor consists of double molecules Al2Cl6 . Soluble in water.??
A yellowish-white crystalline or granular powder made by passing chlorine gas over alumina in a heated state and collecting the product by sublimation. Aluminum chloride was occasionally used in gold and platinum toning baths.??
aluminium chloride: A whitishsolid, AlCl3, which fumes in moist airand reacts violently with water (togive hydrogen chloride). It is knownas the anhydrous salt (hexagonal; r.d.2.44 (fused solid); m.p. 190°C (2.5atm.); sublimes at 178°C) or the hexahydrateAlCl3.6H2O (rhombic; r.d.2.398; loses water at 100°C), both ofwhich are deliquescent. Aluminiumchloride may be prepared by passinghydrogen chloride or chlorine overhot aluminium or (industrially) bypassing chlorine over heated aluminiumoxide and carbon. The chlorideion is polarized by the smallpositive aluminium ion and thebonding in the solid is intermediatebetween covalent and ionic. In theliquid and vapour phases dimer moleculesexist, Al2Cl6, in which thereare chlorine bridges making coordinatebonds to aluminium atoms (seeformula). The AlCl3 molecule can alsoform compounds with other moleculesthat donate pairs of electrons(e.g. amines or hydrogen sulphide);i.e. it acts as a Lewis acid. At hightemperatures the Al2Cl6 molecules inthe vapour dissociate to (planar)AlCl3 molecules. Aluminium chlorideis used commercially as a catalyst inthe cracking of oils. It is also a catalystin certain other organic reactions,especially the Friedel–Craftsreaction.?? ??
Aluminum chloride may be manufactured by chlorination of liquid aluminum in ceramic lined reaction vessels at 600-700oC.?? ???
ALUMINUM CHLORIDE behaves as an acidic salt. Self-reactive. After long storage in closed containers, explosions often occur upon opening [Chem. Abst. 41:6723d 1947]. Can cause ethylene(also other alkenes) to polymerize violently [J. Inst. Pet. 33:254 1947]. Causes ethylene oxide to rearrange and polymerize, liberating heat [J. Soc. Chem. Ind. 68:179 1949]. Can catalyze violent polymerization of allyl chloride [Ventrone 1971]. Addition to nitrobenzene containing about 5% phenol caused a violent explosion [Chem. Eng. News 31:4915 1953]. Mixtures with nitromethane may explode when organic matter is present [Chem. Eng. News 26:2257 1948].???
Powerful irritant to tissue; moderately toxic by ingestion. Reacts violently with water, evolving hydrogen chloride gas.????
Contact with the skin or eyes in the presence of moisture causes thermal and acid burns.????
Behavior in Fire: Reacts violently with water used in extinguishing adjacent fires??? ? ???
Aluminum chloride is not flammable but reacts violently with water, so fires involving this substance should be extinguished with carbon dioxide or dry chemicals. Toxic fumes (HCl and reaction products) can be released during fires.?? ??
Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) is a volatile solid which sublimes at 458 K. The vapour formed on sublimation consists of an equilibrium mixture of monomers (AlCl3) and dimers (Al2Cl6). It is used to prepare the powerful and versatile reducing agent lithium tetrahydridoaluminate (LiAlH4). Aluminium trichloride (AlCl3) act as Lewis acids to a wide range of electron-pair donors, and this has led to their widespread use as catalysts. In the important Friedel-Crafts acylation, AlCl3 is used as a strong Lewis acid catalyst in order to achieve the acylation of an aromatic ring.Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. The dust is an irritant by ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Highly exothermic polymerization reactions with alkenes. Incompatible with nitrobenaenes or nitrobenzene + phenol. Highly exothermic reaction with water or steam produces toxic fumes of HCl. See also ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS, CHLORIDES, and HYDROCHLORIC ACID.??? ??
It is used as ethylbenzene catalyst, dyestuff intermediate, and detergent alkylate; in making other chemicals and dyes, astringents, deodorants, in the petroleum refining, and the rubber industries??
work with this substance should be conducted in a fume hood, and impermeable gloves should be worn at all times when handling AlCl3. Aluminum chloride should be stored in sealed containers under an inert atmosphere in a cool, dry place. Care should be taken in opening containers of this compound because of the possibility of the buildup of HCl vapor from hydrolysis with traces of moisture.?? ??
UN1726 Aluminum chloride, anhydrous, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN2581 Aluminum chloride solution, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive materialPurification Methods
Sublime it several times in an all-glass system under nitrogen at 30-50mm pressure. It has also been sublimed in a stream of dry HCl and has been subjected to a preliminary sublimation through a section of granular aluminium metal [for manipulative details see Jensen J Am Chem Soc 79 1226 1957]. It fumes in moist air.? ???
A strong reducing agent. Contact with air or water forms hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Reaction with water may be violent. Water, alcohol, and alkenes can cause polymerization. Incompatible with nitrobenzene, organic material, and bases. Attacks metal in presence of moisture, forming flammable hydrogen gas.??? ??
May be sprayed with aqueous ammonia in the presence of ice and, when reaction is complete, flushed down drain with running water.?????? ?? ?? ? ???
???
????
2-(5-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-phenoxy)ethanamine
??????
??(??)
Petroleum coke
??, ??? ??
?????
??
??????
ALUMINUM INGOTS
?? ??
2'-chlrophenyl-diphenyl-chlromethane
(4-?????)???
N-NONANOPHENONE
2-(???????)???
4-??????
4,4'-Diacetylbiphenyl
5-?????????
4,4'-Difluorodiphenylmethylchloride
1-(4'-Bromobiphenyl-4-yl)-3-phenylpropenone
Vat Brown BR
3-(4-METHOXYBENZOYL)PROPIONIC ACID
2,4,6-??-???-????
??????
1,1,1,2,2,3,3-HEPTACHLOROPROPANE
3,4-DIBROMO-5-HYDROXY-5H-FURAN-2-ONE
1,1-Bis(4-methylphenyl)propanone
2-???-4'-????????
4-Bromothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde
ACIDBLUE9??????
2-Bromo-2',4'-dichloroacetophenone
???????? ??
1,1,1,2-??????-2,2-???????
3-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)propionic acid
2,7-?-???-??????
?????
?????
Vat Red 15
1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-phenylacetone
2-ACETYL-5-CHLOROTHIOPHENE
1,1'-???????
2-Acetylfluorene
2,3,5-????????
FD? C ?? NO. 6 ???? ???
4'-Hydroxyvalerophenone
??-?? ??? ??
4-Chloro-4'-hydroxybenzophenone
1-(2,4-DICHLORO-3-METHYLPHENYL)ETHANONE
4,4'-??????? ??
2-Phenylacetophenone
PHENOXATHIIN
?????? ?? ??
???( 748)?? ??
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