Dibutylphthalat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE BIS GELBE VISKOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Flie?en, Schütten o.?. kann zu elektrostatischer Aufladung führen.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger und reizender Rauche (Phthals?ureanhydrid, ICSC 0315). Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 5 mg/m?(als TWA); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation des Aerosols und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20 °C tritt eine gesundheitssch?dliche Kontamination der Luft nicht oder nur sehr langsam ein.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Tierversuche zeigen, dass die Substanz m?glicherweise fruchtbarkeitssch?digend oder entwicklungssch?digend wirken kann.
LECKAGE
Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abgedeckten Beh?ltern sammeln. Reste mit Vermiculit, Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R61:Kann das Kind im Mutterleib sch?digen.
R50:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen.
R62:Kann m?glicherweise die Fortpflanzungsf?higkeit beeintr?chtigen.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn m?glich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
Beschreibung
Dibutyl phthalate is included as an insect repellent in
some aerosol sprays used to treat flystrike in sheep. It is colorless oily liquid with a very weak aromatic odor.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Dibutyl phthalate occurs as an odorless, oily, colorless, or very slightly yellow-colored, viscous liquid.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Colorless to pale yellow, oily, viscous liquid with a mild, aromatic odor
Verwenden
Dibutyl phthalate is used in plasticizers, cosmetics, safety glass, insecticides, printing inks, paper coatings, adhesives, elastomers and explosives; solvent in
polysulfide dental impression materials; solvent for perfume oils; perfume fixative; textile lubricating agent; solid rocket propellent; emollient in aerosol antiperspirants; insect repeller; plasticizer in various plastic materials.
Vorbereitung Methode
Dibutyl phthalate is produced from n-butanol and phthalic anhydride in an ester formation reaction.
Definition
ChEBI: Dibutyl phthalate is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. Although used extensively as a plasticiser, it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that poses a risk to humans. It has a role as an environmental contaminant, a teratogenic agent, a plasticiser, a metabolite and an EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor. It is a phthalate ester and a diester. It is functionally related to a butan-1-ol.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Dibutyl phthalate is a colorless oily liquid. Dibutyl phthalate is insoluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Since Dibutyl phthalate is a liquid Dibutyl phthalate can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams. Dibutyl phthalate is combustible though Dibutyl phthalate may take some effort to ignite. Dibutyl phthalate is used in paints and plastics and as a reaction media for chemical reactions.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
Dibutyl phthalate is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and strong bases. Will not polymerize. [USCG, 1999]. Can generate electrostatic charges. [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 250].
Health Hazard
The toxicity of this compound is very low. Inhumans, oral intake of dibutyl phthalate at adose level of 150 mg/kg may cause nausea,vomiting, dizziness, hallucination, distortedvision, lacrimation, and conjunctivitis withprompt recovery. It metabolizes to monobutylester and phthalic acid and is excreted in urine.The inhalation toxicity should be insignificantbecause of its negligible low vapor pressure[<0.1 torr at 20°C (68°F)]. However, expo sure to its mist or aerosol can cause irritationof eyes and mucous membranes
LD50 value, oral (mice): 5300 mg/kg.
Brandgefahr
Combustible.
Pharmazeutische Anwendungen
Dibutyl phthalate is used in pharmaceutical formulations as a plasticizer in film-coatings. It has been evaluated as a pore-forming agent in novel delivery systems.It is also used extensively as a solvent, particularly in cosmetic formulations such as antiperspirants, hair shampoos, and hair sprays. In addition to a number of industrial applications, dibutyl phthalate is used as an insect repellent, although it is not as effective as dimethyl phthalate.
Kontakt-Allergie
It is mainly used as a nonreactive epoxy diluent.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal and intravenous routes.
Mildly toxic by ingestion. Human systemic
eye effects by ingestion, hallucinations,
dstorted perceptions, nausea or vomiting,
and kidney, ureter, or bladder changes.
Experimental teratogenic and reproductive
effects. Mutation data reported.
Combustible when exposed to heat or
flame; can react with oxidizing materials.
Violent reaction with Cl2. Incompatible with
chlorine. To fight fire, use CO2, dry
chemical. When heated to decomposition it
emits acrid smoke and fumes. See also
ESTERS, PHTHALIC ACID, and n
BUTYL ALCOHOL.
Sicherheit(Safety)
Dibutyl phthalate is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic material, although it has occasionally been reported to cause hypersensitivity reactions. It is widely used in topical cosmetic and some oral pharmaceutical formulations.
LD50 (mouse, IV): 0.72g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 5.3g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 8.0g/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 3.05mL/kg
Lager
Dibutyl phthalate should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry, location. Containers may be hazardous when empty since they can contain product residues such as vapors and liquids.
l?uterung methode
Wash DBP with H2O (to free it from alcohol), then dilute NaOH (to remove any butyl hydrogen phthalate or acid), aqueous NaHCO3 (charcoal), then distilled water. Dry it (CaCl2), distil it at 10torr or less, and store it in a desiccator over P2O5. [Beilstein 9 II 586, 9 III 4102, 9 IV 3175.]
Inkompatibilit?ten
Dibutyl phthalate reacts violently with chlorine. It also reacts with oxidizing agents, acids, bases, and nitrates.
Regulatory Status
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral capsules, delayed action, enteric coated, and controlled release tablets). Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK (oral capsules, tablets, granules; topical creams and solutions).
Dibutylphthalat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
