Bictegravir Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
Application
Bictegravir, is a novel, potent inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase with an IC50 of 7.5 nM. Bictegravir is a recently approved investigational drug that has been used in trials studying the treatment of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection. It has been approved for HIV-1 monotherapy combined with 2 other antiretrovirals in a single tablet. Bictegravir is indicated in the management of HIV-1 infection in patients not previously treated with antiretroviral therapy. Additionally, Bictegravir is indicated in the management of HIV-1 infection in patients who are virologically suppressed (HIV-1 RNA <50 c/mL) on a regular antiretroviral regimen for a minimum of three months without a history of failure in treatment and no known factors associated with the resistance to the individual components of the medication. It is used in combination with tenofovir and emtricitabine.
Mechanism of action
This single dose medication inhibits the strand transfer of viral DNA into the human genome, preventing HIV-1 virus replication and propagation 2.
In vitro, bictegravir has shown powerful antiviral activity against HIV-2 and various subtypes of HIV-1. It has shown synergistic effects when combined with other ARVs, including tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), emtricitabine (FTC), and darunavir (DRV) Label. The three components of the first USA approved medication ( trade name: Biktarvy ) are as follows:
Bictegravir: integrase strand transfer inhibitor; INSTI), an HIV-1 encoded enzyme necessary for viral replication. Inhibition of the integrase enzyme prevents the integration of HIV-1 into host DNA, blocking the conversion of the HIV-1 provirus and progression of the virus.
Emtricitabine: FTC, is phosphorylated by cellular enzymes to form emtricitabine 5'-triphosphate. Emtricitabine is phosphorylated to form emtricitabine 5'-triphosphate intracellularly. This metabolite inhibits the activity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase by competing with the substrate deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate and by incorporating itself into viral DNA preventing DNA chain elongation.
Tenofovir Alafenamide: TAF is a phosphonamidate prodrug of tenofovir (2′-deoxyadenosine monophosphate analog). Plasma exposure to TAF leads to leakage into cells and then TAF is intracellularly converted to tenofovir by hydrolysis by cathepsin. Tenofovir is subsequently phosphorylated by cellular kinases to the metabolite tenofovir diphosphate, which is the active form of the drug. Tenofovir diphosphate inhibits HIV-1 replication by incorporating into viral DNA by the HIV reverse transcriptase, resulting in DNA chain-termination. Tenofovir diphosphate also weakly inhibits mammalian DNA polymerases.
Pharmakokinetik
Bictegravir is an HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI). Bictegravir (BIC) inhibits HIV-1 virus replication into the human genome. It can be taken once daily without additional dosing. Bictegravir (BIC) inhibits strand transfer of viral DNA into the host genome and thereby prevents HIV-1 replication.
Nebenwirkungen
Allergic reactions—skin rash, itching, hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat;
High lactic acid level—muscle pain or cramps, stomach pain, trouble breathing, general discomfort and fatigue;
Infection—fever, chills, cough, or sore throat;
Kidney injury—decrease in the amount of urine, swelling of the ankles, hands, or feet;
Liver injury—right upper belly pain, loss of appetite, nausea, light-colored stool, dark yellow or brown urine, yellowing skin or eyes, unusual weakness or fatigue;
Diarrhea, Headache, Nausea
Bictegravir Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
(2R,5S,13aR)-8-methoxy-7,9-dioxo-N-(2,4,6-trifluorobenzyl)-2,3,4,5,7,9,13,13a-octahydro-2,5-methanopyrido[1',2':4,5]pyrazino[2,1-b][1,3]oxazepine-10-carboxamide
Downstream Produkte
