Pachymic acid (PA) is able to inhibit gallbladder cancer tumorigenesis involving affection of Akt and ERK signaling pathways. Pachymic acid (PA) treatment significantly inhibits Rho A, Akt and ERK pathway in gallbladder carcinoma cells. Pachymic acid (PA) treatment can dose-dependently downregulate PCNA, ICAM-1, RhoA, p-Akt and pERK. Cell growth is inhibited by 10 μg/mL Pachymic acid (PA) 12 h after treatment, and a concentration of 30 μg/mL further reduced cell growth. The growth of cells is suppressed in a time- and dose-dependent manner. After 48 h treatment, about 25%, 40% and 70% of the cell growth are inhibited by Pachymic acid (PA) at concentration of 10 μg/mL, 20 μg/mL and 30 μg/mL, respectively. Pachymic acid (PA) also inhibits the growth of gallbladder carcinoma cells in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner.

To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of Pachymic acid (PA) in vivo, human lung cancer NCI-H23 tumor xenograft models are used. Pachymic acid (PA) significantly suppresses tumor growth at doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg for 21 days compared with the control group.