| Identification | Back Directory | [Name]
FERROUSBISGLYCINATE | [CAS]
20150-34-9 | [Synonyms]
FERROCHEL
Ferric Glycine
Ferrous Gglycinate
FERROUSBISGLYCINATE
Iron(II) bisglycinate
Ferric Glycine CoMplex
Bisglycine iron(II) salt
FERROUSBISGLYCINATECHELATE
Iron, bis(glycinato-kN,kO)-
Iron, bis(glycinato-κN,κO)-
Ferrous Bisglycinate USP/EP/BP
Ferrous Bisglycinate Food Grade | [EINECS(EC#)]
606-444-7 | [Molecular Formula]
C4H8FeN2O4 | [MOL File]
20150-34-9.mol | [Molecular Weight]
203.96 |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Melting point ]
>162°C (dec.) | [Boiling point ]
150℃ at 101kPa | [density ]
1.898 at 20℃ | [vapor pressure ]
0-0Pa at 20-25℃ | [storage temp. ]
Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature | [solubility ]
Aqueous Acid (Slightly) | [form ]
Solid | [color ]
Pale Brown to Brown | [Water Solubility ]
Water: 35.71 mg/mL (176.83 mM) | [Stability:]
Hygroscopic | [InChI]
InChI=1S/2C2H4NO2.Fe/c2*3-1-2(4)5;/h2*3H,1H2,(H,4,5);/q2*-1;+4/p-2 | [InChIKey]
MECJLZIFMOMXPW-UHFFFAOYSA-L | [SMILES]
O=C1CN[Fe+2]2(NCC(=O)[O-]2)[O-]1 | [LogP]
-3.47 at 20℃ and pH7 | [Surface tension]
72.87mN/m at 1g/L and 20℃ | [Uses]
Ferrous Bisglycinate is an iron-amio acid chelate. In this the iron is protected from the action of absorption inhibitors by being bound to the amino acid and glycine.
Ferrous bisglycinate is the major amino acid chelate produced commercially, although ferrous trisglycinate and ferric glycinate are also available. A patented ferrous bisglycinate compound, manufactured by Albion Laboratories, Utah, USA, has been used in most published studies. The chelate is reported to be formed by two glycine molecules combining with ferrous iron in a double heterocyclic ring structure. Evidence would suggest that iron is protected from inhibitors by the structure, since iron absorption is one to 3.5 times higher than from ferrous sulfate when added to bread rolls and milk products containing inhibitors such as phytate and calcium. Ferrous bisglycinate is more bioavailable than ferrous trisglycinate. |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [absorption]
Iron amino acid chelates (FeAACs) are potentially helpful iron fortificants for high-phytate foods. Ferrous bisglycinate and ferric trisglycinate have one molecular equivalent of Fe2+ or Fe3+ and 2 or 3 molecular glycine equivalents, respectively. Ferrous bisglycinate and ferric trisglycinate are reportedly effective in treating iron deficiency anemia. Iron from ferrous bisglycinate is better absorbed than is that from ferrous sulfate or maize in the presence of absorption inhibitors in whole-maize meal porridge and appears not to mix with the nonheme-iron pool before its intracellular incorporation into the common intracellular iron pool. The results suggest that once iron from bis-glycinate is located intracellularly, its absorption is regulated in the same manner as iron from ferrous sulfate that labels the intracellular iron pool. Thus, ferrous bisglycinate is probably an effective and safe source of iron and is particularly useful in diets rich in phytates[1].
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| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Food additive]
Amino acid chelates are recommended for milk and beverage products. Ferrous bisglycinate has Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status but is relatively expensive and readily promotes fat oxidation in cereal foods unless an anti-oxidant is added, and causes undesirable color reactions in some foods. Four non controlled efficacy studies with ferrous bisglycinate fortified foods have reported a marked decrease in the prevalence of anemia or iron deficiency anemia in children or adolescents. Three studies made in Brazil reported good efficacy in fortified liquid milk, sweetened bread rolls and a whey based beverage, and a fourth study in Saudi Arabia reported good efficacy in an iron fortified flavored milk drink. Recently, fer- rous bisglycinate fortified bread made from high extraction flour resulted in small but significant increases in both hemoglobin and serum ferritin when fed in a randomized controlled design to South African schoolchildren. A longer feeding period with higher iron concentrations would probably have given more impressive results. The influence of ferrous bisglycinate on stored flour was not investigated in this study. The main disadvantage of ferrous bisglycinate is its high cost. A recent cost analysis showed the cost of ferrous bisglycinate, taking bioavailability into account, to be 7–18 times that of ferrous sulfate. | [Food additive]
Ferrous bisglycinate is well suited to the fortification of liquid whole milk and other dairy products where the use of ferrous sulfate causes rancidity off-flavours. However, ferrous bisglycinate can also cause rancidity by oxidizing fats in food, which can be a problem in cereal flours and weaning cereals unless an antioxidant is added as well. Furthermore, the bisglycinate is much more expensive than many other iron compounds. |
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