成人免费xx,国产又黄又湿又刺激不卡网站,成人性视频app菠萝网站,色天天天天

Welcome to chemicalbook!
Chinese English Japanese Germany Korea
400-158-6606
Try our best to find the right business for you.
Do not miss inquiry messages Please log in to view all inquiry messages.

Welcome back!

ChemicalBook CAS DataBase List Acrylamide
79-06-1

Acrylamide synthesis

10synthesis methods
The principal synthetic route to making acrylamide involves the hydration of acrylonitrile (ACRN). In this process an aqueous ACRN solution reacts over a copper-oxide-chromium oxide catalyst at approximately 100°C. Several other catalyst systems have been used, and most of them contain copper - in some form. The reaction step is followed by purification and concentration to a 50% solution in a vacuum evaporator. The yield of acrylamide from ACRN is 98%. The purification and concentration steps are costly and also involve the recycle of ACRN back to the reaction step. In the early part of the new century, a catalytic distillation process has been developed that converts almost 100% of the ACRN to acrylamide and allows concentration to occur in the same column where acrylamide is made. Therefore this process is less costly.
Nitto Chemical (now Dia-Nitrix) introduced a biosynthetic route from ACRN to acrylamide in Japan in 1985. This process uses an immobilized nitrile hydratase biocatalyst that converts the ACRN solution to acrylamide with a yield of 99.5%. This high yield allows a concentrated acrylamide solution to be made without the need for ACRN recycle or solution concentration. This process therefore has lower energy costs.
-

Yield:79-06-1 100%

Reaction Conditions:

with water;copper chromite, reduced, supported in stainless steel wire socks at 64 - 96; under 637.564 Torr;Heating / reflux;

Steps:

1 EXAMPLE 1

Pellets of a copper-chromite catalyst in its reduced form (650g), supported in stainless steel wire socks (22 in number), were packed in a 5 m section of a catalytic distillation column 12 having dimensions of 10m height x 25mm diameter. The top one meter of the column (zone 16) and the bottom 4 meters (zone 18) were filled with Raschig rings. Demineralized water was introduced into the reboiler 24 to 30% of its capacity. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the water was boiled up into the column under atmospheric pressure (85kPa) until a reflux was reached (96°C). Acrylonitrile containing 35ppm methylated hydroquinone (MeHQ) was introduced at a feed point(flow line 22) just below the catalyst bed at a rate of 30g/hour and water fed (flow line 20) above the catalyst zone at a rate of 84g/hour. After the introduction of acrylonitrile, the temperature inside the catalyst bed dropped to the boiling point of the acrylonitrile-water azeotrope (64°C). The product solution containing 35% by weight acrylamide (100% conversion and 100% selectivity) was removed from the reboiler along the flow line 34, at a rate of 114g/hour.

References:

EP1124789,2004,B1 Location in patent:Page 3

Acrylamide Related Search: