Introduction to Laurocapram

Laurocapram is a colorless, transparent, viscous liquid that is almost odorless and tasteless. It has good solubility in various organic solvents and is highly soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ethyl acetate, ether, benzene, and cyclohexane, but insoluble in water. It is a non-ionic surfactant that can improve skin keratin, promote keratin softening, and enhance its permeability. In pharmacy, it can be used as a transdermal promoter for drugs, with good penetration-promoting effects on hydrophilic or lipophilic drugs, and is widely used.

Figure 1 Characteristics of Laurocapram

Properties of Laurocapram

Laurocapram is a colorless, transparent, viscous liquid that is almost odorless and tasteless. It is highly soluble in ethanol, ethyl acetate, benzene, and acetone, but insoluble in water. Laurocapram, also known as Laurocapram, laurel polyamide, N-lauroyl caprolactam, acetone, azone, chemical name 1-n-dodecylazepin-2-one, is a new and efficient penetration enhancer. It is a colorless, odorless, and transparent liquid at room temperature, slightly viscous and odorless. It forms an emulsion with water and is easily soluble in various organic solvents. It has good lubricity and can promote the activity of hydrophilic and lipophilic pharmaceutical products or the penetration of nutrients from cosmetics into the skin, greatly reducing the retention time of drugs in the stratum corneum and significantly enhancing the efficacy of drugs and cosmetics. Therefore, it can reduce the dosage of main drugs and lower costs. There is a lag phenomenon in the transdermal absorption promotion effect of azone. Azone has significant transdermal permeability-enhancing effects on both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs and has good permeability-enhancing effects in both emulsion and colloid states. It is particularly effective on various plant extracts and alkaloids. The transdermal permeation-promoting effect is stronger than that of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the permeation-enhancing effect of 8-cyclic nucleotide containing 1% azone is equivalent to 12 times that of 50% dimethyl sulfoxide. Often used in combination with propylene glycol to produce a synergistic effect, with a transdermal concentration of 0.1% to 5%, high and low toxicity, and no irritation. The chemical properties are stable, and it can be stored in the dark at room temperature for more than four years.

The usage and dosage of Laurocapram

Laurocapram is directly added during the production of pesticide formulations, with a dosage of 0.5% -2.0% of the pesticide formulation and a conventional dosage of 1.2%. Laurocapram is widely used as a compound insecticide, fungicide, herbicide, and plant growth regulator for organophosphates, pyrethroids, and other insecticides.

The efficacy and function of Laurocapram

Laurocapram is a multifunctional drug with a wide range of applications in the medical field. The following are its main functions and effects:

Anti-inflammatory effect: Laurocapram can alleviate inflammatory reactions and alleviate inflammation-related symptoms such as redness, swelling, heat, and pain. It has certain application prospects in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.

Antibacterial effect: Laurocapram has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect and can be used to treat various bacterial infections, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It exerts therapeutic effects by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, blocking their growth and reproduction.

Antiviral effect: Laurocapram also shows certain antiviral effects, especially in the treatment of certain viral infections. It can prevent the spread of the virus and help control the progression of infection by interfering with its nucleic acid synthesis or replication process.

Antifungal effect: azone also has a certain antifungal effect, which can inhibit the growth and spread of fungi, and is of great significance in the treatment of fungal infectious diseases, such as candida infection.

Transdermal absorption enhancer: Laurocapram is a novel, efficient, safe, and non-toxic transdermal absorption enhancer that has significant transdermal permeation-enhancing effects on hydrophilic and oleophilic drugs.

Antihistamine effect: Laurocapram has a certain inhibitory effect on histamine, which can soften keratin, enhance permeability, and allow drugs to penetrate the skin barrier, achieving the goal of local treatment or systemic absorption of drugs.

Antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects: Laurocapram has antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects and can be used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, etc.

Reference

[1] López-Cervantes M, Márquez-Mejía E, Cázares-Delgadillo J, et al. Chemical enhancers for the absorption of substances through the skin: Laurocapram and its derivatives[J]. Drug development and industrial pharmacy, 2006, 32(3): 267-286.

[2] Sugibayashi K, Nakayama S, Seki T, et al. Mechanism of skin penetration‐enhancing effect by laurocapram[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1992, 81(1): 58-64.