游離脂肪酸水溶液、游離脂肪酸鈉水溶液包括棕櫚酸鈉水溶液和油酸鈉水溶液。
現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)中,技術(shù)人員多采用100-1600 μM范圍內(nèi)不同濃度的棕櫚酸鈉(Sodium palmitate)處理HepG2細(xì)胞,維持24或48小時,可見棕櫚酸鈉濃度依賴性地降低HepG2細(xì)胞活力(圖1B),據(jù)此計算出棕櫚酸鈉的半抑制濃度IC50=490μM。然后作者采用0.25×IC50、0.50×IC50或0.75×IC50的棕櫚酸鈉處理HepG2細(xì)胞,發(fā)現(xiàn)0.25×IC50棕櫚酸鈉對HepG2細(xì)胞活力無顯著影響(圖1C),從而挑選出0.25×IC50(即122.5μM)棕櫚酸鈉,聯(lián)合2倍濃度(245μM)的油酸鈉,用于下一步研究。
圖1. 棕櫚酸鈉、油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉(HF)降低HepG2細(xì)胞活力。A. 不同濃度BDE-209對HepG2細(xì)胞活力的影響;B. 不同濃度棕櫚酸鈉對HepG2細(xì)胞活力的影響;C. BDE-209、油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉(HF)、聯(lián)合HF和BDE-209(HF-209)對HepG2細(xì)胞活力的影響。
此外,也有技術(shù)人員采用油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉(245μM+122.5μM,簡稱HF)處理HepG2細(xì)胞,結(jié)果顯示該組合可以增加HepG2細(xì)胞中脂滴形成和甘油三酯(TG)含量(圖2),增加活性氧簇(ROS)和丙二醛(MDA)含量(圖3),并減少線粒體數(shù)量,增加線粒體損傷(圖4)。證明低濃度油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉2:1組合處理2天可以成功構(gòu)建脂肪肝細(xì)胞模型,并導(dǎo)致肝細(xì)胞氧化應(yīng)激和線粒體損傷。
圖2. 油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉(HF)誘導(dǎo)HepG2脂質(zhì)堆積。A. HepG2細(xì)胞經(jīng)HF(油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉=245+122.5μM)處理48小時后的油紅O染色照片。B. HepG2細(xì)胞內(nèi)甘油三酯(TG)含量測定。
圖3. 油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉(HF)誘導(dǎo)HepG2氧化應(yīng)激。A. HepG2細(xì)胞經(jīng)HF(油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉=245+122.5μM)處理48小時后的DCFH-DA染色照片(A-a)和活性氧簇水平(ROS,A-b)。B. HepG2細(xì)胞內(nèi)丙二醛(MDA)含量測定。
圖4. 油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉(HF)誘導(dǎo)HepG2線粒體損傷。A. HepG2細(xì)胞經(jīng)HF(油酸鈉+棕櫚酸鈉=245+122.5μM)處理48小時后的MitoTracker染色照片(A-a)和線粒體數(shù)量(A-b)。B. JC-1染色照片(B-a)和紅色/綠色熒光比值(B-b)。
基于上述實例,在體外研究中,技術(shù)人員為了模擬高甘油三酯和游離脂肪酸所致的脂毒性,通常需要添加高濃度的硬脂酸(Stearic acid),軟脂酸(軟脂酸,Palmitic acid),和/或油酸(Oleic acid),這是因為上述三種脂肪酸是存在于動物、植物及微生物中最常見的飽和/不飽和游離脂肪酸。正常情況下,人體血液中上述三種脂肪酸的濃度維持在生理范圍內(nèi),血脂異?;颊哐褐猩鲜鋈N脂肪酸濃度出現(xiàn)不同程度的增高。硬脂酸鈉(Sodium stearate)、軟脂酸鈉(軟脂酸鈉,Sodium palmitate)和油酸鈉(Sodium oleate)分別是上述三種脂肪酸的鈉鹽,同等摩爾濃度的硬脂酸鈉/軟質(zhì)酸鈉/油酸鈉具有與硬脂酸/軟質(zhì)酸/油酸相同的細(xì)胞脂毒性,且溶解度分別高于硬脂酸/軟質(zhì)酸/油酸。因此,硬脂酸鈉/軟質(zhì)酸鈉/油酸鈉被認(rèn)為是模擬細(xì)胞脂毒性的理想試劑。然而,市場上尚無直接使用的液體硬脂酸鈉/軟質(zhì)酸鈉/油酸鈉高脂細(xì)胞試劑盒,加上配制方法不當(dāng),導(dǎo)致很多從事血脂異常相關(guān)疾病研究的科研工作者無法順利開展體外細(xì)胞實驗。
目前,有人采用甲醇、乙醇等有機(jī)溶劑,鹽酸/硫酸、氫氧化鈉溶液等強(qiáng)酸強(qiáng)堿類溶劑配制液體硬脂酸鈉/軟質(zhì)酸鈉/油酸鈉,然而,這些溶劑既對細(xì)胞具有毒性,也不能有效溶解硬脂酸鈉/軟質(zhì)酸鈉/油酸鈉。
產(chǎn)品簡介:
1. 實驗用棕櫚酸鈉/油酸鈉試劑盒的有效成分是棕櫚酸鈉(Sodium palmitate,10mmol/L)和油酸鈉(Sodium oleate, 20mmol/L),用于模擬高自由脂肪酸環(huán)境。
2. 本產(chǎn)品經(jīng)0.22μm濾器過濾除菌,可直接加入到含血清(一般為10%)細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)基中。
3. 本產(chǎn)品所用溶劑不含NaOH或有機(jī)溶劑,對細(xì)胞無毒性。
4. 本產(chǎn)品可用于誘導(dǎo)脂肪肝細(xì)胞模型(圖1),也可用于誘導(dǎo)多種細(xì)胞的胰島素抵抗模型。
參考文獻(xiàn):
1)Cardiac-specific CGI-58 deficiency activates the ER stress pathway to promote heart failure in mice:Palmitic acid (PA) and its solvent (vehicle) were purchased from Kunchuang Biotechnology (Xi’an, Shanxi, China), in which PA was coupled to FA-free bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a ratio of 2mM PA:3% BSA
2)High-fat diet impairs ferroptosis and promotes cancer invasiveness via down regulating tumor suppressor ACSL4 in lung adenocarcinoma:Acid palmitate was obtained from Xian Kunchuang Science and Technology Develop Co. Ltd (Xian, China)
3)Lipid-induced DRAM recruits STOM to lysosomes and induces LMP to promote exosome release from hepatocytes in NAFLD Oil red O staining and intracellular triglyceride measurement For FA treatment, 0.3 mM PA or bovine serum albumin solution (Kunchuang Biotechnology, Xian, China) was incubated with the cultured HepG2 cells.
4)Monocyte-derived extracellular vesicles upon treated by palmitate promote endothelial migration and monocytes attachment to endothelial cells Saturated FFA palmitate (16: 0) and its solvent(Cat. No. SYSJ001) were purchased from Kunchuang biotechnology.
5)Optimization of Porphyran Extraction from Pyropia yezoensis by Response Surface Methodology and Its Lipid-Lowering Effects Palmitic acid (PA) was provided by Kunchuang Biotechnology (Xi’an, China). All other chemical reagents used were of analytical grade.
6)The combined impact of decabromodiphenyl ether and high fat exposure on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in vivo and in vitro Sodium palmitate and sodium oleate were purchased from Kunchuang Technology Development Co., Ltd. (Xian, China).
7)The impact of sitagliptin on macrophage polarity and angiogenesis in the osteointegration of titanium implants in type 2 diabetes Endothelial cell medium containing 25 mmol/L glucose and 500 mmol/L bovine serum albumin-conjugated palmitate (Kunchuang Biotechnology, Xi’an, China, Cat#: SYSJ001) was used as the mimic milieu of type 2 diabetes (high glucose and fat) which accounts for over 90 % cases in diabetic patients .
8)Wanhao Gao 1, Xingchen Guo 1,et al. Monocyte-derived extracellular vesicles upon treated by palmitate promote endothelial migration and monocytes attachment to endothelial cells.Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications .2020 May:685-691.
9)Ji L, Liu F, Jing Z, et al. MICU1 Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Through Mitochondrial Ca2+-Dependent Antioxidant Response. Diabetes. 2017 Jun;66(6):1586-1600
10)Yan W, Zhang H, Liu P, et al. Impaired mitochondrial biogenesis due to dysfunctional adiponectin-AMPK-PGC-1α signaling contributing to increased vulnerability in diabetic heart. Basic Res Cardiol. 2013 May;108(3):329.
關(guān)鍵字: 游離脂肪酸水溶液;游離脂肪酸鈉水溶液;HepG2脂肪肝細(xì)胞;
鯤創(chuàng)科技(Kunchuang Technology Development)(Kunchuang Biotechnology)長期致力于即用型液體高脂細(xì)胞添加劑的研發(fā)工作,產(chǎn)品涉及油酸BSA水溶液、棕櫚酸BSA水溶液、高糖高脂試劑、脂肪酸水溶液、硬脂酸鈉、脂肪肝細(xì)胞誘導(dǎo)劑、脂肪酸細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)基、亞麻酸溶液、亞油酸溶液等多種高脂添加劑。我司的高脂細(xì)胞添加劑具有無溶劑毒性、無固體析出、可長期保存的優(yōu)勢。目前,高脂細(xì)胞添加劑已經(jīng)積累了大量用戶,用戶群涉及北京大學(xué)、浙江大學(xué)、武漢大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院、同濟(jì)大學(xué)、第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué)、第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)、新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)、昆明理工大學(xué)、武漢市協(xié)和醫(yī)院、中科院亞熱帶所等上百所全國范圍的高校、研究所和醫(yī)院。