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Systematic analysis of gut bacterial carcinogen metabolism and its functional consequences
Boyao Zhang ; George-Eugen Maftei ; Bartosz Bartmanski , et al. bioRxiv,2024:2024.05.20.595058. DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.20.595058
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Abstract: Organic carcinogens, in particular DNA-reactive compounds, contribute to the irreversible initiation step of tumorigenesis through introduction of genomic instability. Although carcinogen bioactivation and detoxification by human enzymes has been extensively studied, carcinogen biotransformation by human-associated bacteria, the microbiota, has not yet been systematically investigated. We tested the biotransformation of 68 mutagenic carcinogens by 34 bacterial species representative for the upper and lower human gastrointestinal tract and found that the majority (41) of the tested carcinogens undergo bacterial biotransformation. To assess the functional consequences of microbial carcinogen metabolism, we developed a pipeline to couple gut bacterial carcinogen biotransformation assays with Ames mutagenicity testing and liver biotransformation experiments. This revealed a bidirectional crosstalk between gut microbiota and host carcinogen metabolism, which we validated in gnotobiotic mouse models. Overall, the systematic assessment of gut microbiota carcinogen biotransformation and its interplay with host metabolism highlights the gut microbiome as an important modulator of exposome-induced tumorigenesis.
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CAS No. : | 94-52-0 | MDL No. : | MFCD00005604 |
Formula : | C7H5N3O2 | Boiling Point : | No data available |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | XPAZGLFMMUODDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 163.13 | Pubchem ID : | 7195 |
Synonyms : |
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Signal Word: | Warning | Class: | |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 | UN#: | |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H315-H319-H335 | Packing Group: | |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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To a suspension of NaH (0.883 g) in Nu,Nu-dimethylformamide (DMF) (20 mL) at 0 °C was added 6-nitro-1 H-benzo[d]imidazole (2 g) and methyl iodide (2.3 mL). The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature for 2 h . The reaction mixture was then poured into ice/water (30 mL). The solid were filtered and dried under reduced pressure to afford a mixture of 1 -methyl-6-nitro-1 H-benzo[d]imidazole and 1 -methyl-5-nitro-1 H- benzo[d]imidazole (1 g) as a yellow solid. LCMS m/z 178.12 (M+H)+. To a suspension of Pd/C (0.601 g, 0.564 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) at room temperature was added the mixture of 1 -methyl-6-nitro-1 H-benzo[d]imidazole and 1 -methyl-5-nitro-1 H- benzo[d]imidazole (1 g). The reaction was placed under hydrogen (1 atm) for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then filtered through a pad of celite and was concentrated to afford a mixture of 1 -methyl-1 Hbenzo[d]imidazol-6-amine and 1 -methyl-1 H-benzo[d]imidazol-5- amine (500 mg) as a brown solid. LCMS m/z 148.0 (M+H)+. |
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