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Combinatorial design of nanoparticles for pulmonary mRNA delivery and genome editing
Li, Bowen ; Manan, Rajith Singh ; Liang, Shun-Qing , et al. Nat. Biotechnol.,2023,41(10):1410-1415. DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01679-x PubMed ID: 36997680
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Abstract: The expanding applications of nonviral genomic medicines in the lung remain restricted by delivery challenges. Here, leveraging a high-throughput platform, we synthesize and screen a combinatorial library of biodegradable ionizable lipids to build inhalable delivery vehicles for mRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editors. Lead lipid nanoparticles are amenable for repeated intratracheal dosing and could achieve efficient gene editing in lung epithelium, providing avenues for gene therapy of congenital lung diseases.
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CAS No. : | 622-26-4 | MDL No. : | MFCD00006008 |
Formula : | C7H15NO | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | LDSQQXKSEFZAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 129.20 | Pubchem ID : | 73953 |
Synonyms : |
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Chemical Name : | 2-(Piperidin-4-yl)ethanol |
Signal Word: | Warning | Class: | N/A |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 | UN#: | N/A |
Hazard Statements: | H315-H319-H335 | Packing Group: | N/A |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
32% | With potassium carbonate; at 120℃; | A suspension containing <strong>[54044-79-0]2-bromo-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole</strong> (Modarai, B., et al. J. Heterocyclic Chem. (1974) 11, 343-5) (100 mg, 0.56 mmol), 4-piperidine ethanol (87 mg, 0.67 mmol) and potassium carbonate (77 mg, 0.56 mmol) was heated overnight at 120 C. The reaction was cooled and the mixture partitioned between water (10 ml) and ethyl acetate (30 ml), then the organic layer was washed with brine, dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue on silica gel (8 g; eluent 2.5% methanol/DCM) gave 1-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine (41 mg, 32%), 1H nmr; 1.33 (m, 2H), 1.54 (q, 2H), 1.7 (m, 1H), 1.79 (m, 2H), 2.54 (s, 3H), 3.08 (m, 2H), 3.71 (t, 2H), 3.88 (m, 2). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
EXAMPLE 1 (COMPOUND 25); 2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl 2-[1-(biphenyl-4-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl]ethylcarbamate; 1.1. 3-(2-piperidin-4-ylethyl)-1,3-<strong>[2346-26-1]oxazolidine-2,4-dione</strong> hydrochloride; A solution of 10 g (77.40 mmol) of 2-piperidin-4-ylethanol, 22.33 g (85.14 mmol) of triphenylphosphine and 9.39 g (92.88 mmol) of 1,3-<strong>[2346-26-1]oxazolidine-2,4-dione</strong> (J. Med. Chem. 1991, 34, 1538-44) in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran, cooled to approximately -10 C., is admixed dropwise under an inert atmosphere with a solution of 15.65 g (77.40 mmol) of diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (DIAD) in 25 ml of tetrahydrofuran, during which the temperature of the reaction mixture is held between -10 C. and 0 C. Stirring is continued at 0 C. for 1 hour and then at 25 C. for 22 hours. The solid formed is collected by filtration, washed repeatedly with tetrahydrofuran and then dried under vacuum at approximately 70 C. This solid is then taken up in a solution of hydrochloric acid (5N) in isopropanol. The solid formed is collected by filtration and then washed with ethyl acetate and ether. Drying under vacuum at approximately 70 C. gives 6.45 g of hydrochloride in the form of a white solid. M.P. ( C.): 178 C. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With pyridine; at 200℃; for 0.5h;Inert atmosphere; Microwave irradiation; | A mixture of <strong>[5467-57-2]2-chloroquinoline-4-carboxylic acid</strong> (0.95 g, 4.6 mmol) and 2-(piperidin-4-yl)ethanol (4.72 g, 36.5 mmol) in pyridine (10 mL) was heated to 200 °C for 30 min using a microwave reactor. Toluene was then added and the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give crude 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidin-1-yl]quinoline-4-carboxylic acid that was used with no further purification. A mixture of crude 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidin-1-yl]quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (4.56 mmol), sulfuric acid (0.97 mL, 18.2 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was heated at 120 °C for 30 min using a microwave reactor. Additional sulfuric acid (0.97 mL, 18.2 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was heated 120 °C for 4 h using a microwave reactor. The reaction mixture was then partially evaporated and the residue partitioned between DCM and saturated aqueous NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with DCM (three times) and the combined organic phases were dried using a phase separator and concentrated in vacuo to leave a residue. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (50-->100percent EtOAc in heptane) to give methyl 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidin-1-yl]quinoline-4-carboxylate (1.03 g, 72percent). Oxalyl chloride (0.93 mL, 10.5 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of DMSO (1.5 mL, 21.0 mmol) in DCM (45 mL) at -78 °C and the reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 5 min. A solution of methyl 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidin-1-yl]quinoline-4-carboxylate (1.10 g, 3.51 mmol) in DCM (30 mL) was added and reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min at -78 °C. Triethylamine (6.8 mL, 49.1 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was allowed to reach rt over 80 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with H2O. The aqueous phase was extracted with DCM and the combined organic phases were dried (phase separator) and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude methyl 2-[4-(2-oxoethyl)piperidin-1-yl]quinoline-4-carboxylate, that was used with no further purification. Crude methyl 2-[4-(2-oxoethyl)piperidin-1-yl]quinoline-4-carboxylate (3.51 mmol) was dissolved in 2M dimethylamine (30 ml, 60 mmol) in MeOH. After 5 min sodium triacetoxyborohydride (3.72 g, 17.6 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 2h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and the residue was partitioned between EtOAc and saturated aqueous NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (three times) and the combined organic phases were dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated in vacuo to leave a residue which was purified by flash column chromatography (0-->40percent MeOH in DCM) to give the title compound (0.92 g, 76 percent). 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) delta 8.41 - 8.37 (m, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.55 - 7.52 (m, 1H), 7.29 - 7.24 (m, 1H), 4.54 (d, J = 13.2 Hz, 2H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.02 - 2.91 (m, 2H), 2.40 - 2.32 (m, 2H), 2.24 (s, 6H), 1.82 (d, J = 12.4 Hz, 2H), 1.67 - 1.58 (m, 1H), 1.45 (dd, J = 15.0, 7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.33 - 1.24 (m, J = 12.6, 4.0 Hz, 2H); m/z (M+H)+ 342.2. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
85% | With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; In tetrahydrofuran; at 20℃; for 14h; | To a solution of <strong>[10241-97-1]5-methyl-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid</strong> (20) (263mg, 1.50mmol) in THF (7mL) were added 2-(piperidin-4-yl)ethanol (213mg, 1.65mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt, 101mg, 0.750mmol), and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDAC) hydrochloride (316mg, 1.65mmol), followed by stirring at room temperature for 14h. The reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and 0.5M aqueous hydrochloric acid. The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was recrystallized from ethyl acetate/acetonitrile (5mL/2mL) to give 3 (365mg, 85.0percent) as a beige powder. 1H NMR-DMSO-d6 (400MHz) delta 1.11?1.19 (2H, m), 1.38?1.43 (2H, m), 1.73?1.76 (3H, m), 2.36 (3H, s), 2.98 (2H, s), 3.45?3.49 (2H, m), 4.37?4.44 (3H, m), 6.63 (1H, m), 7.00 (1H, m), 7.29 (1H, m), 7.36 (1H, s), 11.38 (1H, s). EI-MS: m/z 286 [M]+. Anal. Calcd for C17H22N2O2: C, 71.30; H, 7.74; N, 9.78. Found: C, 71.10, H, 7.87; N, 9.67. |
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