Humic substances sorption from wastewater on the biochar produced from the waste materials
Dud?o, Agnieszka
;
Michalska, Justyna
;
Turek-Szytow, Jolanta
, et al.
J. Environ. Manage.,2024,370,122366.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122366
PubMed ID:
39243649
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Abstract: In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the possibility of converting waste materials, e.g. manure, bio-waste, green waste, waste from the water and sewage industries (e.g. post-fermentation sludge), and agrifood waste into biochars (BCs) by pyrolysis. The ability of biochar to improve soil health and fertility is driving growing interest in its use as a soil amendment. A high soil stability of BCs and their excellent nutrient sorption properties are the main reasons for the superiority of such materials over other organic soil amendments. In addition, BCs can retain soil-relevant compounds, including humic substances (HSs). Since most of the resources used to produce humic fertilisers are non-renewable, the effluent from anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge (reject water, RW), which contains high levels of HSs, is considered a promising target for their recovery. In this study, the potential of ten BCs derived from pine, oak, straw, sunflower, and digestate at different pyrolysis temperatures for the recovery of HSs from RW was evaluated. The sorption of HSs on the applied BCs was conducted using contact method for 24 h and then determined spectrophotometrically. The most effective sorbents for HSs from RW were BCs obtained from straw in the low and high temperatures with the sorption capacity of 3.10 mg g-1 and 5.31 mg g-1, respectively. It was observed that the BCs produced from the same biomass at different pyrolysis temperatures had different sorption capacities for FA, HA, and a mixture of these compounds. The results indicated that BCs obtained from sunflower at different temperatures and oak at high temperature were the most promising sorbents for the recovery of HSs from RW. Such materials have the potential to be applied to soil and were selected for further evaluation due to their ability to enhance soil quality and immobilize pollutants. Further studies will assess their effectiveness in different soil conditions, their stability and persistence, and their impact on plant health and growth.
Keywords:
Fulvic acids ;
Humic acids ;
Sorption ;
Biochar ;
UV-Vis
Purchased from AmBeed:
479-66-3
Evaluation of the applicability of selected analytical techniques for determining the characteristics of humic substances sourced from by-products of the wastewater treatment process
Michalska, Justyna
;
Turek-Szytow, Jolanta
;
Dudlo, Agnieszka
, et al.
Sci. Total Environ.,2023,888,164237.
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164237
PubMed ID:
37196950
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Abstract: Although humic substances (HSs) are among the most valuable compounds in the environment, they often constitute nuisance factors for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, their recovery from byproducts of WWTPs opens up opportunities for their utilization. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the suitability of selected anal. methods for determining the structure, properties, and possible utilization of HSs originating from WWTPs based on model humic compounds (MHCs). As a consequence, the study proposed sep. approaches for the initial and in-depth characterization of HSs. The results demonstrate that UV-Vis spectroscopy may be recognized as a cost-effective approach for the preliminary characterization of HSs. Such a method indeed gives similar information on the degree of complexity of MHCs as X-EDS and FTIR, and similarly to them allows for the differentiation of their particular fractions. In turn, X-EDS and FTIR techniques were recommended to be used for in-deep anal. of HSs due to their ability to detect heavy metals and biogenic elements in their structure. Contrarily to other studies, the presented research indicates that only selected absorbance coefficients - A253/A230, Q4/6, and ΔlogK may help to distinguish particular humic fractions and evaluate changes in their behavior, independently of their concentration (coefficient of variation < 20%). Herein, the fluorescence capacities of MHCs were found to be equally affected as their optical properties by the changes in their concentration Focusing on the obtained results, this study recommends that the quant. comparison of the properties of HSs should be proceeded by the standardization of their concentration Herein, the stability of other spectroscopic parameters characterizing solutions MHCs was achieved within a concentration from 40 to 80 mg L-1. Among them, the analyzed MHCs were differentiated the most by the SUVA254 coefficient, which value was almost 4 times higher for SAHSs (8.69) than for ABFASs (2.01).
Keywords:
Fluorescence ;
FTIR ;
Fulvic acids ;
Humic substances ;
SEM ;
X-EDX ;
UV -Vis
Purchased from AmBeed:
479-66-3
Comparison of Techniques Used to Characterize Humic Substances and Evaluation of Their Applicability to Assess the Suitability of Such Substances Sourced from Wastewater Treatment Plants
Justyna Michalska
;
Jolanta Turek-Szytow
;
Agnieszka Dud?o
, et al.
SSRN,2023,4385631.
DOI:
rg/10.2139/ssrn.4385631
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Abstract: Humic substances (HSs) are among the most widespread organic compounds existing in the natural environment. Due to their reactivity, HSs often constitute nuisance factors for the operation of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, the recovery of HSs from liquid by-products (LBPs) of the wastewater treatment process opens up opportunities for their utilization. Consequently, the chemical and structural characterization of HSs is the prerequisite for assessing their application feasibility. Therefore, this study aimed to compare conventional techniques intended for the characterization of HSs including ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), fluorescence (FL), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/X-EDS). The aforementioned methods were assessed regarding their suitability for determining the structure, properties, and possible utilization of HSs originating from LBPs of the wastewater treatment process based on model humic compounds (MHCs). Herein, the results obtained using UV-Vis spectroscopy were found to correspond with the outcomes of FL, SEM/X-EDX, and FTIR analyses of MHCs. The research demonstrates that UV-Vis spectroscopy may be efficiently applied as a simple tool to distinguish particular fractions of HSs and predict their properties. Moreover, this technique enables the evaluation of changes in the behavior of HSs in the presence of Ca2+. Accordingly, UV-Vis spectroscopy was found to provide preliminary information about the application potential of HSs. It was additionally revealed that the optical properties and fluorescence capacities of HSs are strongly dependent on their concentration. Therefore, focusing on the obtained results and literature data, this study recommends that the quantitative comparison of properties of HSs should be proceeded by the standardization of their concentration.
Keywords:
fluorescence ;
FTIR ;
fulvic acids ;
humic substances ;
SEM/X-EDX ;
UV-Vis
Purchased from AmBeed:
479-66-3
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