Olivetol is a compound that plays a significant role in organic chemistry and pharmaceuticals. Here’s an overview:

Physical and Chemical Properties

Chemical Structure and Properties

• IUPAC Name: 5-Pentylbenzene-1,3-diol

• Molecular Formula: C11H16O2

• Molecular Weight: Approximately 180.24 g/mol

• Structure: Olivetol consists of a benzene ring substituted with hydroxyl groups at positions 1 and 3, along with a pentyl group (five carbon chain) attached to the benzene ring.

Natural Occurrence

Olivetol is found naturally in certain plants, particularly in species of lichens and liverworts. It serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of various natural products, including cannabinoids.

Role in Cannabinoid Biosynthesis

Olivetol is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). In the cannabinoid biosynthetic pathway, olivetol undergoes condensation with geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP), catalyzed by an olivetol synthase enzyme, to form cannabigerolic acid (CBGA). CBGA is then converted into THC, CBD, or other cannabinoids through subsequent enzymatic reactions.

Synthetic Uses

Synthetically, olivetol is utilized as a starting material in organic chemistry for the synthesis of various compounds, including pharmaceuticals and cannabinoid derivatives.

Applications

• Pharmaceuticals: Used in the synthesis of cannabinoid analogs and other pharmaceutical compounds.

• Research: Studied for its role in cannabinoid biosynthesis pathways and potential therapeutic applications.

Safety and Handling

As with any chemical compound, olivetol should be handled with care. Detailed safety information, including handling procedures and precautions, can be found in its Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).

Conclusion

Olivetol is a pivotal compound in both natural cannabinoid biosynthesis and synthetic organic chemistry. Its role in producing cannabinoids makes it a subject of significant interest in pharmaceutical and medicinal research.