Pharmacological action

Carfilzomib is the second proteasome inhibitor approved worldwide after bortezomib, and the first multiple myeloma treatment approved by the FDA in recent years. (Proteasome inhibitors: Proteasome inhibitors work primarily to break down unwanted or damaged proteins in cells by breaking the chemical reactions of peptide bonds. Representative drugs are: Bortezomib, carfezomib). carfilzomib is a new generation proteasome inhibitor administered intravenously that selectively targets proteasomes in blood tumor cells, avoiding the toxic side effects of inhibiting the constituent proteasomes in non-malignant cells.

Indication

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Kyprolis (carfezomib) for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma who have previously been treated with at least two priority therapies, including Vasco (bortezomib) and an immunomodulator.

Adverse reaction

The most common adverse events (≥ 30%) observed in clinical trials for carfezomib treatment were fatigue, anemia, nausea, thrombocytopenia, dyspnea, diarrhea, and fever. The most common serious adverse events (45% overall) were pneumonia, acute kidney failure, fever, and congestive heart failure.