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- CAS號:
- 2058-46-0
- 英文名:
- Oxytetracycline hydrochloride
- 英文別名:
- OXYTETRACYCLINE HCL;OTC;TETRAMYCIN;AQUACYCLINE;Oxyteracycline HCL;[4s-(4alpha,4aalpha,5alpha,5aalpha,6beta,12aalpha)]-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5,6,10,12,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide monohydrochloride;tm5;TOXINAL;nsc9169;mepatar
- 中文名:
- 鹽酸土霉素
- 中文別名:
- 酸土霉素;土霉素鹽酸;鹽酸土霉素;鹽酸地霉素; 水合霉素;鹽酸氧四環(huán)素;氧四環(huán)素鹽酸鹽;鹽酸土霉素原料;原料鹽酸土霉素;原料1鹽酸土霉素
- CBNumber:
- CB9311671
- 分子式:
- C22H25ClN2O9
- 分子量:
- 496.89
- MOL File:
- 2058-46-0.mol
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鹽酸土霉素性質(zhì)、用途與生產(chǎn)工藝
鹽酸土霉素是一種四環(huán)素類廣譜抗生素,通過可逆性地與細核體30S亞基上的受體結(jié)會,干擾tRNA與mRNA形成的核糖體復(fù)合物,阻止肽鏈廷長而抑制蛋白質(zhì)合成,從而使細菌的生長繁殖迅速被抑制,而產(chǎn)生抑菌作用。土霉素對革蘭氏陽性菌和陰性菌、立克次體、支原體、衣原體、螺旋體、放線菌、阿米巴原蟲均有抑制作用。細菌對土霉素和多西環(huán)素存在交叉耐藥性。
人口服后約可吸收口服量的30%~58%,單劑口服本品1g后,血藥峰濃度(Cmax)為3.9mg/L, 6小時尚有2.1mg/L,進食后土霉素的吸收比空腹服用時約降低一半。本品吸收后廣泛分布于肝、腎、肺等組織和體液,易滲入胸水、腹水,不易透過血-脊液腦屏障。本品表觀分布容積(Vd)為0.9~1.9L/kg,蛋白結(jié)合率為20%~35%,腎功能正常者血消除半衰期(t1/2?)為6~10小時,無尿患者可達47~66小時。鹽酸土霉素主要自腎小球濾過排出,給藥后24小時內(nèi)排出給藥量的70%,其不吸收部分以原形藥隨糞便排泄。血液透析約可清除給藥量的10%~15%。
鹽酸土霉素可溶性粉主治:
1、由鏈球菌、巴氏桿菌、丹毒桿菌、肺炎球菌等引起的鏈球菌病、豬肺疫、萎縮性鼻炎、水腫病、母畜產(chǎn)后感染及各種呼吸道感染。
2、由原蟲引起的畜禽血蟲?。ǜ郊t細胞體感染)、弓形體病、牛羊鞭蟲病、 豬旋毛蟲病等。
3、由支原體引起的豬氣喘?。ㄖгw肺炎)、禽霉形體肺炎(慢性呼吸道?。┑取?br>4、用于水產(chǎn)的敗血癥、腸炎、爛尾爛鰓病、白頭白嘴病、鄭州弧菌病、鰻赤鰭病等。
Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 是一種屬于四環(huán)素類的抗生素。Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 強力抑制革蘭氏陰性和革蘭氏陽性細菌。Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 是一種蛋白質(zhì)合成抑制劑,可阻止 aminoacil-tRNA 與復(fù)雜的核糖體 RNA 結(jié)合。Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 還具有抗 HSV-1 的活性。
HSV-1
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Bacterial
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Human Endogenous Metabolite
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Oxytetracycline is an important member of the bacterial aromatic polyketide family, which is a structurally diverse class of natural products. Oxytetracycline is synthesized by a type II polyketide synthase that generates the poly-beta-ketone backbone through successive decarboxylative condensation of malonyl-CoA extender units, followed by modifications by cyclases, oxygenases, transferases, and additional tailoring enzymes.
The effects of administration a therapeutic dose of Oxytetracycline (82.8 mg/kg of bw to 1 % bw/day) for 10 days are species specific. Oxytetracycline increases the relative liver weight in
Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis
, the enzymatic activity of CYP3A4 in Ictalurus punctatus, protein expression of CYP3A4 in Oreochromis niloticus and depleted the hepatic CYP3A4 in the latter.
For Oxytetracycline, the limits are 100 μg/kg in muscle and milk, 200 μg/kg in egg, 300 μg/kg in liver and 600 μg/kg in kidney. Oxytetracycline (OTC) is administered to fish as medicated feed at concentrations ranging from 35 to 75 mg a.i kg-1 biomass day-1 for 7-14 days.
化學(xué)性質(zhì)
本品為黃色結(jié)晶性粉末;無臭,味微苦,微有引濕性,在日光下顏色變暗,在堿性溶液中易破壞失效,易溶于水,微溶于乙醇,不溶于氯仿或乙醚。
用途
靠阻止氨基酰-tRNA結(jié)合到30S亞單位上抑制蛋白合成。 抗菌譜: 革蘭氏陰性和陽性細菌。 耐藥性模式: 活性喪失, 核糖體保護, 四環(huán)素失活。
用途
鹽酸土霉素屬廣譜抗菌素,其抗菌譜、抗菌原理與四環(huán)素基本相同,主要對于革蘭陽性菌和腦膜炎球菌、淋病球菌等革蘭陰性菌具有抗菌活性。
鹽酸土霉素
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