| Identification | More | [Name]
FARNESOL | [CAS]
4602-84-0 | [Synonyms]
(2E,6E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol
(2E,6E)-3,7,11-TRIMETHYL-DODECA-2,6,10-TRIEN-1-OL
3,7,11-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-DODECATRIEN-1-OL
3,7,11-TRIMETHYLDODECA-2,6,10-TRIEN-1-OL
ALL TRANS FARNESOL
(E,E)-3,7,11-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-DODECATRIEN-1-OL
(E,E)-FARNESOL
FARNESOL
FEMA 2478
TRANS,TRANS-3,7,11-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-DODECATRIEN-1-OL
TRANS,TRANS-FARNESOL
10-dodecatrien-1-ol,3,7,11-trimethyl-6
2,6,10-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-12-ol[qr]
3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol[qr]
3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienol
6,10-Dodecatrien-1-ol,3,7,11-trimethyl-2
farnesol,mixtureofisomers
Farnesyl alcohol
farnesylalcohol
farnesylalcohol[qr] | [EINECS(EC#)]
225-004-1 | [Molecular Formula]
C15H26O | [MDL Number]
MFCD00002918 | [Molecular Weight]
222.37 | [MOL File]
4602-84-0.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
colourless liquid with a floral odour | [Melting point ]
25°C | [Boiling point ]
149 °C4 mm Hg(lit.)
| [density ]
0.886 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
| [vapor pressure ]
13Pa at 20℃ | [FEMA ]
2478 | [refractive index ]
n20/D 1.490(lit.)
| [Fp ]
205 °F
| [storage temp. ]
−20°C | [solubility ]
DMSO:100.0(Max Conc. mg/mL);449.7(Max Conc. mM) | [form ]
Liquid | [pka]
14.69±0.10(Predicted) | [color ]
Clear colorless to faint yellow | [Odor]
at 100.00 %. mild fresh sweet linden floral angelica | [Stability:]
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. | [Odor Type]
floral | [Water Solubility ]
Not miscible or difficult to mix in water. | [Sensitive ]
Light Sensitive | [JECFA Number]
1230 | [Merck ]
14,3937 | [BRN ]
1763926 | [Contact allergens]
Farnesol is one of the most frequent contact allergens
in perfumes. It is contained in small amounts in
Myroxylon pereirae and poplar buds. It is a blend of
four diastereosiomers trans/cis. As a fragrance allergen,
farnesol has to be mentioned by name in cosmetics
within the EU. | [LogP]
4.72 at 22.3℃ | [Uses]
farnesol is described as a substance of high biological potential, capable of acting in the skin as a true bioactivator. A biological precursor and fatty alcohol, farnesol is one component of vitamin K. It is said to help smooth wrinkles, normalize sebum secretion, and increase the skin’s elasticity, tissue tension, and moisture-binding capability. It is able to penetrate the epidermis. In humans, farnesol is found in the skin and is involved in sterol biosynthesis. It is also used for its deodorant, odor-masking, and skin-soothing properties. In clinical studies, farnesol has demonstrated anti-microbial activity, though it is unclear if this remains the case once incorporated into a cosmetic formulation. It is widely present in vegetables and found in many essential oils (for example, acacia, lilac, lily of the valley, rose, orange blossom, oak moss, and sandalwood). | [CAS DataBase Reference]
4602-84-0(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
2,6,10-Dodecatrien-1-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-(4602-84-0) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
4602-84-0(EPA Substance) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Chemical Properties]
colourless liquid with a floral odour | [Uses]
antineoplastic, antibacterial | [Definition]
ChEBI: A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1. | [General Description]
Colorless liquid with a delicate floral odor. | [Reactivity Profile]
Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides. | [Description]
Farnesol has a characteristic flowery odor.
| [Occurrence]
The presence of this terpene alcohol in nature has been reported in more than 30 essential oils; the levels are generally low (0.5 to 1.0%) with the exception of cabreuva, which contains up to 2 5% farensol, and the distillate from fowers of Oxystigma buccholtzii Harms which contains up to 18% farnesol Among the essential oils containing farnesol are lemongrass, Ceylon citronella, cananga, ambrette seeds, ylang-ylang, Acacia farnesiana, Peru balsam, palmarosa, tuberose, and others Reported found in apricot, citrus peel oils, grapefruit juice, strawberry jam, ginger, clove bud, hop oil, cardamom, ginger, thyme, beer, whiskey, basil, papaya, anise seed, German chamomile and Cympogon citratus oils | [Preparation]
One method uses cabreuva as the starting material (Swiss Patent 261,120-Givaudan and Co ), while a second method starts from ambrette seeds (German Patent 149, 603-Haarmann and Reimer). | [Aroma threshold values]
Detection: 1 ppm; aroma characteristics at 1.0%: foral rose, sweet, fruity linalool with a fusel alcoholic, green lavender and haylike nuances. | [Taste threshold values]
aste characteristics at 10 ppm: sweet foral, fruity apricot and peachlike, green with woody tea and grape nuances. | [Biochem/physiol Actions]
Taste at 10 ppm | [Anticancer Research]
A pharmacogenomic approach was used for the farnesol. Tests on many genesinvolved in apoptosis, regulation of transcription, and genes like INE1, CTRL,MRS2, NEB, LMO7, C9orf3, and EHBP1 are not conferred resistance to farnesol.The effects of farnesol on genes not related to the resistance to anticancer drugs mayspeculate the design of new drugs against tumor-resistant line (Manjamalai andGrace 2012a, 2012b; Ji et al. 2014). | [Purification Methods]
The main impurity is the cis-trans isomer. Purify it by gas chromatography using a 4ft x 0.125in 3%OV-1 column at 150o. [Corey et al. J Am Chem Soc 92 6637 1970, Popjak et al. J Biol Chem 237 56 1962.] It has also been fractionated through a 14-in Podbielniak column (p 11) at 11o/0.35mm. Alternatively it has been purified by gas chromatography using SF96 silicone on Fluoropak columns or Carbowax 20M on Fluoropak or base-washed 30:60 firebrick (to avoid decomposition, prepared by treating the firebrick with 5N NaOH in MeOH and washed with MeOH to pH 8) at 210o with Helium carrier gas at 60 mL/min flow rate. The diphenylcarbamoyl derivative has m 61-63o (from MeOH) and has an IR band at 3500 cm-1. [Bates et al. J Org Chem 28 1086 1963, Beilstein 1 IV 2335.] |
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